Project A 07
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Networking with other projects
Poster
TRR277_A07_Poster_1-DFG-Begutachtung
TRR277_A07_Poster_2-DFG-Begutachtung
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Project A07 investigates structural design, WAAM methods and component testing of complex, large-scale, individualized steel components. The objective is to connect conventionally manufactured steel components and semi-finished products with additively manufactured, complex steel components, like connection nodes or anchorage structures for concrete. The research program is based on innovative design and manufacturing methodologies that take both additive manufacturing parameters and material properties into account. The evaluation of the WAAM components follows a novel test method, which considers potentially anisotropic component behavior, surface topographies, geometric irregularities and residual stresses in addition to the relevant material properties.
Objective
The objective of TP A07 is the design, the manufacturing and the testing of force flow optimized steel nodes for use in construction.
Approach
A new method is developed to design force flow optimized steel nodes as connectors between semi-finished parts and anchorage structures considering the manufacturing possibilities of the WAAM-process and the resulting material behaviour. The manufacturing possibilities will be identified by case study demonstrators which represent occurring features of the designed node. The produced parts are characterized regarding their mechanical properties. For that an advanced material testing method is applied to evaluate the potentially anisotropic material behaviour. With buckling tests on case study demonstrators the component behaviour will be investigated.
Networking with other projects
- A04: The bond behavior of WAAM-rebars in concrete is investigated. Bars with varying cross sections were produced in order to maintain different surface topographies.
- A06: The possibilities of combining the two AM processes LPBF and WAAM were investigated by conducting tensile tests and characterizing the fusion zone
- C04: coordination of a structure for the digital twin and management of input data
Project leaders
Hensel, Jonas Uni.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
is Professor for Welding Engineering at Chemnitz University of Technology and takes responsibility for the management of this project in terms of content and organisation as well as the cooperation with project partners within the TRR 277. Furthermore, he supervises the research assistant of WG Hensel for welding experiments, metallographic characterisation, numerical analysis and residual stress determination.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Kloft, Harald Prof. Dr.-Ing.
leads the scientific staff in the orientation and execution of the design process creation and supports them in an advisory capacity in the creation of test geometries and demonstrators. He is responsible for the content and organisational coordination of all work on the part of ITE. He instructs the research engineer at ITE in the conceptual structure, execution and evaluation of the theoretical and experimental research work. He is the spokesperson of the TRR 277.
Project(s)
Integrated Additive Manufacturing Processes for Reinforced Shotcrete 3D Printing (SC3DP) Elements with Precise Surface Quality
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Earth Additive Manufacturing (EAM) – Material and Process Combinations for AM with Earth-based Materials
Jointing Principles for Combination of Concrete Elements Produced by Different Additive Manufacturing Processes
Central Tasks of the AMC
Unglaub, Julian Dr.-Ing.
is head of division Material behavior at IS and takes responsibility for management of this project in terms of content and organization. He supervises the research assistants of WG Thiele for novel material and component testing methods based on MultiCam Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and the development of complex material models to describe WAAM-component behavior.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Contributors
Altobelli, Martin Gabriel M. Sc.
studied mechanical engineering and recently completed my Master’s degree in Advanced Manufacturing at the Chair of Welding Technology at Chemnitz University of Technology. His thesis focused on a topic from the TRR 277 project, specifically the optimization of component accuracy in the DED-Arc process. He is now working as a researcher and PhD student, focusing on the learning-by-printing approach…
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Hinz Felix M. Sc.
M.Sc. Felix Hinz is a doctoral researcher at the Institute of Steel Structures (TU Braunschweig). He is responsible for the planning and execution of all scientific work, both numerical and experimental, in the framework of DED-Arc. This includes material and component testing, material modeling, analysis of all data, preparation of reports, presentations and publications.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Höfer, Kevin Dr.
Kevin Hoefer works as a post-doc at the Chair of Welding Technology and is responsible for the department “Materials and Design”. In the project, he supports Prof. Jonas Hensel in the administration and management of A07, in particular in the areas of welding experiments, metallographic characterisation and residual stress determination.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Jurke, Florian M. Sc.
is a research associate at the Chair of Welding Engineering at Chemnitz University of Technology. His focus is process analysis of arc-processes. He is particularly concerned with sensor integration and anomaly detection in arc-welding processes and additive manufacturing with wire and arc (DED-Arc).
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Ledderose, Lukas M. Sc.
is a postdoctoral researcher at the ITE. He is responsible for design strategies and possible applications. This includes the development of new structures, semi-finished parts and the concept for on-site WAAM as well as life cycle analysis and the creation of Digital Twins. He also prepares reports, presentations and publications.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Müggenburg, Marc M. Sc.
doctoral researcher at IS. He is responsible for the planning and execution of all scientific work, both numerical and experimental, in the framework of WAAM. This includes material and component testing, material modeling, analysis of all data, preparation of reports, presentations and publications.
Project(s)
Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of Complex Individualized Steel Components
Related Publications
Influence of Surface Topography on Stress Concentration and Fatigue Performance of DED-Arc HSLA steel2026 | M. Müggenburg, S. Vogts, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub
Influence of Surface Topography on Stress Concentration and Fatigue Performance of DED-Arc HSLA steel
ce/papers 9 (2026), No. 2-3, S 457-462 https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.70652
2026 | K. Hoefer, F. Jurke, A. Hälsig, J. Hensel
Welding International, 2026 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40194-026-02344-y
Data | Zenodo, 2026 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20799736
2026 | J. Hensel, M. Köhler, J. Schubnell
Weld World, 2026 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40194-026-02497-w
Data | Zenodo, 2026 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20798800
2026 | M. Horstjan, M. Müggenburg, M. Christmann, S. Vogts, S. Kollmannsberger, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub: Scan-based Fatigue Prediction of DED-Arc Additively Manufactured Steel Components Additive Manufacturing, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2026.105243
Data | Zenodo, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17272254
2026 | S. Vogts, M. Müggenburg, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub: Influence of surface topology on fatigue of DED-Arc specimens: a NURBS-based 3D-FEA approach Weld World, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02478-z
Data | Zenodo, 2025, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15402865
2026 | J. Blankenhagen, C. Radbleck, K. Hoefer, J. Hensel, M. Mensinger: Implementation of additively manufactured parts in the construction sector via welding Procedia Structural Integrity, 77, 198–206, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.027
Data | Zenodo, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19632355
2025 | L. Ledderose, H. Kloft: First Investigations on WAAM-Printed Adhesive Sockets for Reinforcement Connections Open Conference Proceedings, 7, 2025, https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v7i.2788
Data | Zenodo, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18394837
2026 | J. Müller, H. Jahns, M. Müggenburg, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub, J. Hensel: Case study report on design, manufacturing and digital representation of a DED-Arc steel node for construction Sci Rep 16, 3263, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37315-2
Data | Zenodo, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17192191
2026 | H.Eichler, B.Sawicki, H.Kloft: Hybrid wire and arc additive manufactured I-section beams: assessment of material efficiency and carbon footprint, Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng., 2026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-025-01380-7
2025 | M. Müggenburg, H. Mokhtarian, H. Koivuluoto, H. Jahns, R. Jafari, S. Panicker, E. Helmi, M. Arsalan, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub: Mechanical properties and corrosion protection of DED-Arc additively manufactured high-strength low-alloy steel components coated with Low-Pressure Cold Spray Welding in the World, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-025-02251-8
Data |Zenodo, 2025, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15183280
2025 | M. Müggenburg, M. Altobelli, S. Vogts, H. Jahns, R. Jafari, H. Mokhtarian, S. Panicker, H. Koivuluoto, J. Hensel, K. Thiele, J. Unglaub: Fatigue performance of high-strength low-alloy DED-Arc components with Zn+Al₂O₃ low-pressure cold spray coating Welding in the World, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-025-02262-5
Data |Zenodo, 2025, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15267508
2024 | Müller, J., Dastgerdi, J.N. & Hensel, J. (2024). Comparison of fatigue test results of high-strength steel DED-Arc specimens with milled and unmilled surfaces Weld World, 68, 1187–1199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-024-01687-8.
Data | Dataset to figures, Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15087873.
2024 | J. Müller, J. Hensel: Potential of thermography for the monitoring of DED Arc processes Welding in the World, 68, 2024, pp. 505–513, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-023-01676-3.
Data | Raw data for the figures, Zenodo, 2025, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15124101.
2024 | J. Unglaub, M. Müggenburg, H. Jahns, H. Kloft, J. Hensel, K. Thiele: Towards a Digital Twin to Enable First Time Right DED-Arc Components, Fourth RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication Munich, RILEM Bookseries, vol 53, Springer, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70031-6 51
2024 | J. Müller, C. Goulas, J. Hensel: Analysis of thermal cycles during DED-Arc of high-strength low-alloy steel and microstructural evolution Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.07.066
Data | Raw data for figures, Zenodo, 2025, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15124281.
2023 | Jahns, H.; Unglaub, J.; Müller, J.; Hensel, J.; Thiele, K. : Material Behavior of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel (HSLA) WAAM Walls in Construction. In: Metals 13, 589. (2023.)
2023 | Müller, J., Hensel, J.: WAAM of structural components—building strategies for varying wall thicknesses. In: Weld World. (2023) https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-023-01481-y
2022 | C. Müller, J. Müller, H. Kloft, and J. Hensel : Design of Structural Steel Components According to Manufacturing Possibilities of the Robot-Guided DED-Arc Process. In: Buildings, vol. 12, no. 12, p. 2154. (Dec. 2022.) doi: 10.3390/buildings12122154
2022 | Hensel, J., Müller, J., Scharf-Wildenhain, R. et al. : The effects of building position on surface and fatigue of DED-arc steel components. In: Weld World. (2022) https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-022-01431-0
2022 | Hensel, J.; Przyklenk, A.; Müller, J.; Köhler, M.; Dilger, K.: Surface quality parameters for structural components manufactured by DED-arc processes. In: Materials and Design 215, 2022.
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110438
2022 | Hensel, J.; Przyklenk, A.; Müller, J.; Köhler, M.; Dilger, K.: Surface quality parameters for structural components manufactured by DED-arc processes, In: Materials and Design 215 (2022), DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110438
2022 | Jahns, H., Unglaub, J., Thiele, K.: Einfluss von Geometrie- und Fertigungsrestriktionen auf die mechanische Festigkeit von WAAM-Bauteilen. In: DGM-Informationsgesellschaft (Hg.): 3. Fachtagung Werkstoffe und Additive Fertigung 11. – 13. Mai 2022
2021 | Müller, J.; Hensel, J.; Dilger, K.: Mechanical properties of wire and arc additively manufactured high-strength steel structures. In: Welding in the World, DOI: 10.1007/s40194-021-01204-1.
2021 |Müller, J., Hensel, J., Dilger, K.: Schweißtechnische Verarbeitung von hochfestem Stahl als Aufbauwerkstoff beim Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing. In: Fortschrittsberichte der Materialforschung und Werkstofftechnik / Bulletin of Materials Research and Engineering, Band 10, Clausthaler Zentrum für Materialtechnik (Hrsg.), Shaker Verlag Düren 2021 (ISBN: 978-3-8440-8021-6)
2020 | Thiele, K.; Unglaub, J.; Begemann, F.: Additive Fertigung: Vom WAAM-Bauteil zum WAAM-Bauwerk. In: Berichte aus dem Konstruktiven Ingenieurbau, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 20/3, S. 19-24, 2020.
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Focus Area A
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